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Dextromethorphan Hydrobromide

Alias: DEXTROMETHORPHAN HBR; DEXTROMETHORPHAN HYDROBROMICUM; DEXTROMETHORPHAN HYDROBROMIDE; ROMILAR

CAS: 125-69-9

EINECS: 204-750-1

M. F.: C18H26BrNO

M. W.: 352.31

Usage: The primary use of dextromethorphan hydrobromide is as an antitussive, or cough suppressant. This is one of the most popular ingredients in over-the-counter cold and cough medications. This medication may be added to other preparations to help treat pain and a variety of other disturbances as well. 

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Dextromethorphan (DXM or DM) is an antitussive (cough suppressant) drug of the morphinan class with sedative and dissociative properties. It is one of the active ingredients in many over-the-counter cold and cough medicines, including generic labels and store brands, Benylin DM, Mucinex DM, Robitussin, NyQuil, Dimetapp, Vicks, Coricidin, Delsym, TheraFlu, and others. Dextromethorphan has also found numerous other uses in medicine, ranging from pain relief (as either the primary analgesic, or an opioid potentiater) over psychological applications to the treatment of addiction. It is sold in syrup, tablet, spray, and lozenge forms. In its pure form, dextromethorphan occurs as a white powder.

Medical use

Generic Dextromethorphan syrup.

The primary use of dextromethorphan is as a cough suppressant, for the temporary relief of cough caused by minor throat and bronchial irritation (such as commonly accompanies the flu and common cold), as well as those resulting from inhaled particle irritants.

In 2010, the FDA approved the combination product dextromethorphan/quinidine for the treatment of pseudobulbar affect (PBA).[medical citation needed]

Recreational use

Dextromethorphan gel capsules

Main article: Recreational use of dextromethorphan

Over-the-counter preparations containing dextromethorphan have been used in manners inconsistent with their labeling, often as a recreational drug.At doses much higher than medically recommended, DXM and its major metabolite, dextrorphan, acts as an NMDA receptor antagonist, which produces effects similar to, yet distinct from, the dissociative hallucinogenic states created by other dissociative anaesthetics such as ketamine and phencyclidine.It may produce distortions of the visual field - feelings of dissociation, distorted bodily perception, and excitement, as well as a loss of sense of time. Some users report stimulant-like euphoria, particularly in response to music. Dextromethorphan usually provides its recreational effects in a non-linear fashion, so that they are experienced in significantly varied stages. These stages are commonly referred to as "plateaus".