Quick Detail:

Product Name:Quinine sulfate dihydrate

Synonym:Quinine sulfate fluorescence standard substance;QUININE SULPHATE 2H2O;Quinine sulfate hydrate(2:1:4);FEMA 2977;CHININI SULFAS;QUININE SULFATE;(-)-QUININE SULFATE DIHYDRATE;QUININE SULFATE DIHYDRATE

CAS: 6119-70-6

MF: C40H48N4O4·H2SO4·2H2O

MW:782.96

EINECS:212-359-2

Appearance:Light yellow or beige to brown Powder

Quinine Sulfate Dihydrate Chemical Properties

Chemical Properties White crystalline powder

Melting point ~225 °C (dec.)(lit.)

Alpha -245 º (c=2, 0.1M HCl)

Solubility Soluble in a mixture of chloroform and absolute alcohol (2:1).

Water Solubility 0.12 g/100 mL (20 ºC)

Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents, alkalies, ammonia, strong bases, iodine.

Quinine Sulfate Dihydrate Uses:

Primary alkaloid of various species of Cinchona (Rubiaceae). Optical isomer of Quinidine. Antimalarial; muscle relaxant (skeletal).

Description:

Quinine, an alkaloid derived from the bark of the cinchona tree, is a blood schizontocidal agent that is more toxic than chloroquine.Quinine is used to treat malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. Plasmodium falciparum is a parasite that gets into the red blood cells in the body and causes malaria. Quinine works by killing the parasite or preventing it from growing. This medicine may be used alone or given together with one or more medicines for malaria.

Quinine should not be used to treat or prevent night time leg cramps. This medicine may cause very serious unwanted effects and should only be used for patients with malaria.It is administered parenterally to patients with severe or complicated malaria who cannot take drugs by mouth because of coma, convulsions or vomiting.

It is administered orally to less seriously ill patients with infections likely to be resistant to chloroquine or mefloquine, sometimes in combination with pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine or a tetracycline.

Quinine is an extremely basic compound and is, therefore, always presented as a salt. Various preparations exist, including the hydrochloride, dihydrochloride, sulphate, bisulphate, and gluconate salts; of these the dihydrochloride is the most widely used. Quinine has rapid schizonticidal action against intra-erythrocytic malaria parasites. It is also gametocytocidal for Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium malariae, but not for Plasmodium falciparum. Quinine also has analgesic, but not antipyretic properties. The anti-malarial mechanism of action of quinine is unknown.

Application:

Quinine is a natural white crystalline alkaloid having antipyretic (fever-reducing), antimalarial, analgesic (painkilling), anti-inflammatory properties and a bitter taste. It is a stereoisomer of quinidine which, unlike quinine, is an anti-arrhythmic. Quinine contains two major fused-ring systems: the aromatic quinoline and the bicyclic quinuclidine.

Though it has been synthesized in the lab, the bark of the cinchona tree is the only known natural source of quinine. The medicinal properties of the cinchona tree were originally discovered by the Quechua Indians of Peru and Bolivia; later, the Jesuits were the first to bring the cinchona to Europe.

Uses:

Quinine is one of the oldest antimalarial drugs. At as early as the 15th century, the quinine-containing cinchona bark has been used extensively in the treatment of malaria with its antimalarial effect being similar to that of chloroquine that is through interfering with DNA synthesis effect. It is capable of inhibiting the erythrocytic stage of a variety of Plasmodium, being able to control the malaria symptoms. It also has certain killing effect on the gametes of vivax malaria and quartan malaria.

However, it has no effect on the exoerythrocytic stage. Its major advantage is not easy to produce drug resistance, possibly due to that quinine binds the plasmodium DNA in a different way from chloroquine, so having no cross-resistance and can be used for the treatment of the infection of anti-chloroquine strains (especially Plasmodium falciparum). In addition, quinine can also exciting the uterus, inhibit the myocardium and have antipyretic analgesic effect. In addition to medicinal application, in analytical chemistry it can be used as the detection agent of bismuth, platinum and other metal ions and also be used for the separation agent of racemic organic acid.

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